不銹鋼加工成型時變形回彈怎么辦？

摘要：<span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;"><span style="font-size:small;">不銹鋼加工成型時變形回彈怎么辦？</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">不銹鋼的回彈的確麻煩，跟很多原因有關系。硬度方面，硬度越大，回彈越大。上次用了</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">301-EH</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">料，回彈放到</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">14</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">度。彎曲半徑料厚與料厚比：比值越大，回彈越大。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">SUS301</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">比</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">SUS304</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">回彈大，相同情況下，</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">304</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">比</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">301</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">回彈小</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">2</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">度。另外日本</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">301</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">比臺灣料回彈要大。成型方式也有差異。一步成型的回彈比多次成型的回彈要大。試模后修正，差多少度改多少度，而且要注意回彈有角度回彈和半徑回彈，具體情況具體分析了。當然如果技師的技術好，會錯位來調整，調整好后通知設計進行相應更改。一般每次移</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">5</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">條來試，這個就是靠技師的技術和經驗了。由于不銹鋼自身屈服點高，不銹鋼板折彎加工要點。硬度高，冷作硬化效應顯著。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">延伸率低，因導熱性比普通低碳鋼差。導致所需變形力大</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">不銹鋼板料在折彎時與碳鋼相比有強烈的回彈傾向</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">不銹鋼板相對于碳鋼由于延伸率低，折彎時工件折彎角</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">R</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">要大于碳鋼，否則有出現裂紋的可能</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">由于不銹鋼板硬度高，冷作硬化效應顯著因此在選擇壓彎刀具時要選擇熱處置硬度應達到</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">60HRC</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">以上的工具鋼，其外表粗糙度要比碳鋼的壓彎刀具高一個數量級。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span style="font-size:small;"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">一般來說單位尺寸下，根據以上特性。板材越厚，所需折彎力越大，而且隨著板厚增大在選擇折彎設備時折彎力的裕量應該更大</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">單位尺寸下，抗拉強度越大，延伸率越小，所需折彎力越大，折彎角應該越大</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">設計圖中板厚與折彎半徑對應情況下，根據經驗，一道彎工件的展開尺寸為直角邊相加減去兩個板厚，完全可以滿足設計精度要求。根據經驗公式計算展開量可簡化計算過程大大提高生產效率</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">;</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">材質的屈服強度越大，彈性回復量就越大，為獲得折彎件</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';"><span lang="EN-US">90</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;">度的角度，所需壓刀的角度就要設計的越小。相對于碳鋼相同板厚的不銹鋼折彎角較大，這一點應特別注意否則會出現壓彎裂紋，影響工件強度。</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span> <p style="margin:0cm 0cm 0pt;"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:small;">&nbsp;</span></span> </p> <span style="font-family:宋體;font-size:small;"> </span>